Neurolaw and Criminal Justice by Ken Strutin, an experienced law librarian and criminal defense attorney working in New York, was recently published on LLRX (Law and Legal Resources for Information Professionals).
This is an emerging area of legal research which Strutin notes is, "being debated, particularly as a basis for prosecution." His article leads the reader through a variety of resources and online materials which look at the, "applications of cognitive research to criminal law as well as basic information on the science and technology involved."
Here's the opening paragraph to further whet your appetite:
"Rapid advancements in forensic neuroscience are having an impact on criminal justice. The use of neuroimaging has emerged from medical analysis identifying abnormalities and dysfunctions to delving into lie detection and decision making. The courts are facing evidence about what the brain's form and function can reveal about human behavior and knowledge."